Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by an excess of sugar in the blood, known as hyperglycemia. Early detection allows for better management and helps reduce the risk of long-term complications.
The main types of diabetes
There are two primary forms of diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes:
- Most often develops during childhood or adolescence;
- Requires insulin treatment from the time of diagnosis (insulin-dependent);
- Caused by an insufficient production of insulin by the pancreas.
Type 2 diabetes :
- Most commonly develops in adulthood, particularly in individuals who are overweight or physically inactive;
- The pancreas continues to produce insulin, but either not enough or not effectively enough to properly regulate blood sugar levels.
The role of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
The HbA1c test measures average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months. This test is essential for both diagnosing and monitoring diabetes. Reference values:- Below 5.7%: normal blood sugar levels;
- Between 5.7% and 6.4%: prediabetes;
- 6.5% or higher: confirmed diabetes.
The role of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
The HbA1c test measures average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months. This test is essential for both diagnosing and monitoring diabetes. Reference values:- Below 5.7%: normal blood sugar levels;
- Between 5.7% and 6.4%: prediabetes;
- 6.5% or higher: confirmed diabetes.
